MODELO MATEMÁTICO Y ANÁLISIS ESTRUCTURAL DE UN VEHÍCULO DE GUIADO AUTOMÁTICO PARA LA INDUSTRIA 4.0 (MATHEMATICAL MODEL AND STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF AN AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLE FOR INDUSTRY 4.0)
Resumen
Este artículo presenta el diseño e implementación de un vehículo de guiado automático (AGV) destinado al transporte de materiales y herramientas en entornos industriales. Nuestra propuesta de AGV presenta un diseño innovador inspirado en las culturas prehispánicas de México. La implementación del prototipo fue realizada con materiales de alta resistencia y procesos de manufactura digital. Un análisis por elementos finitos (FEA) muestra que el AGV es capaz de transportar cargas de 700 kg sin sufrir ningún daño estructural y que los casos críticos donde se contemplan colisiones solo causarían daños mínimos. A su vez, el trabajo introduce un modelo matemático para entender las ecuaciones que definen la dinámica del AGV. Dicho modelo permite simular su movimiento y puede ser utilizado para mejorar la productividad, incrementar el nivel de automatización y reducir los costos de transportación de materiales en la industria 4.0.
Palabras Clave: Análisis por elementos finitos (FEA), modelado, simulación, transporte de materiales, vehículo de guiado automático (AGV).
Abstract
This paper presents the design and implementation of an Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) devoted to transport materials and tools in industrial facilities. An innovative design inspired in the pre-Hispanic cultures of Mexico is proposed for the AGV. The implementation of a prototype was conducted with highly resistant materials and automated manufacturing processes. A finite element analysis (FEA) shows that the AGV is capable of transporting 700 kg loads without suffering any structural damage and that critical cases involving collisions might cause only minimal harm. A mathematic model is introduced to better understand the equations governing its dynamics. Such model allows the simulation of the AGV’s motion and can be used to improve productivity, increase automation, and reduce transportation costs in smart factories.
Keywords: Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV), finite element analysis (FEA), material transportation, modeling, simulation.
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