APLICACIÓN DEL ESPECTROGRAMA MODIFICADO PARA LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE MÚLTIPLES FALLOS COMBINADOS EN MOTORES DE INDUCCIÓN ALIMENTADOS POR INVERSORES (THE APPLICATION OF MODIFIED SPECTROGRAM FOR IDENTIFYING MULTIPLE COMBINED FAULTS IN INVERTER-FED INDUCTION MOTORS)
Resumen
Actualmente, las industrias utilizan motores de inducción alimentados con variadores de velocidad, los cuales generan componentes armónicos en la corriente del estator. Por lo tanto, es importante la detección y el diagnóstico temprano de fallas en el motor de inducción para su uso en el mantenimiento basado en condiciones. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los métodos se ocupan de un único fallo. La contribución de esta investigación es la aplicación de una estrategia de monitoreo de condición que puede realizar evaluaciones precisas y confiables de la presencia de condiciones de falla única o combinada en motores de inducción. El artículo presenta una descripción del estado del arte en el monitoreo de fallas y establece los métodos usados para la identificación de estas fallas, usando el método del espectrograma reasignado. Se analizan tres tipos de fallas y en los resultados pueden verse la adecuada identificación de estas usando espectros de tiempo-frecuencia. Los resultados muestran que el método del espectrograma reasignado podría utilizarse como técnica de detección determinista; donde las frecuencias de los fallos son muy cercanas a las reportadas analíticamente en la literatura.
Palabras Clave: Monitoreo de la condición, diagnóstico de fallas, motores de inducción, espectrograma reasignado, análisis espectral.
Abstract
Currently, industries use induction motors fed with variable speed drives, which generate harmonic components in the stator current. Therefore, it is important early failure detection and diagnosis in induction motor for use in condition-based maintenance. However, most of the methods deal with a single fault, only. In electrical equipment with multiple faulty conditions present; it is critical to differentiate between the single or combined faulty conditions; so, it is important to differentiate between these. The contribution of this research is the application of a condition monitoring strategy that can make accurate and reliable assessments of the presence of single or combined fault conditions in induction motors. The article presents a description of the state of the art in fault monitoring and establishes the methods used for the identification of these faults, using the reassigned spectrogram method. Three types of faults are analyzed, and the results show the proper identification of these faults using time-frequency spectra. Results show the reassigned spectrogram method could be used as a deterministic detection technique; where the fault frequencies are very close to those analytically reported in literature.
Keywords: Condition monitoring, Fault diagnosis, Induction motors, Reassigned Spectrogram, Spectral analysis.
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