POPOTE PLÁSTICO COMO REFUERZO MECÁNICO DEL CONCRETO BAJO CARGA DE FLEXIÓN (PLASTIC STRAW AS MECHANICAL REINFORCEMENT OF CONCRETE UNDER FLEXURAL LOAD)
Resumen
El concreto es uno de los materiales predilectos en el sector de la construcción; sin embargo, es un material que presenta baja resistencia a tensión. Aunque el uso de fibras industriales de refuerzo ha sido una alternativa para solventar esta falencia, se han presentado ciertos inconvenientes; por ejemplo, su costo. Este parámetro limita su aplicabilidad en el campo de la construcción. Por otra parte, materiales desechados después de un corto tiempo de uso pueden ser utilizados como refuerzo. Este artículo estudia las propiedades mecánicas del concreto reforzado con popotes poliméricos bajo carga de flexión. De acuerdo al ASTM C78, se ensayaron 15 especímenes normalizados de concreto reforzado con fibras y 3 sin fibras para comparar el comportamiento. Los resultados mostraron una reducción de la trabajabilidad debido al número y dimensiones de los popotes. Sin embargo, las propiedades mecánicas del concreto reforzado mejoraron con la incorporación de popotes poliméricos. De la misma forma, se demostró que el material polimérico del popote tiene baja resistencia a tensión, pero gran ductilidad; sin embargo, estas propiedades mecánicas no afectaron de manera significativa la resistencia del concreto reforzado con fibras a flexión, por lo contario, los popotes aumentaron la ductilidad de los especímenes.
Palabras Clave: concreto reforzado con fibras, propiedades mecánicas, popotes poliméricos, ensayo a flexión, resistencia a tensión.
Abstract
Concrete is one of the preferred materials in the construction sector; however, it is a material that has low tensile strength. Although using industrial fibers for reinforcement has been an alternative to solve this shortcoming, certain drawbacks, such as its cost, have been presented. This parameter limits its applicability in the construction field. On the other hand, materials discarded after a short time can be used as reinforcement. This article studies the mechanical properties of concrete reinforced with polymeric straws under flexural loading. According to ASTM C78, 15 standardized specimens of fiber-reinforced concrete and three without fibers were tested to compare the behavior. The results showed a reduction in workability due to the number and dimensions of the straws. However, the mechanical properties of the reinforced concrete improved with the incorporation of polymeric straws. Likewise, it was shown that the polymeric material of the straw has low tensile strength, but great ductility; However, these mechanical properties did not significantly affect the flexural strength of fiber-reinforced concrete; on the contrary, the straws increased the ductility of the specimens.
Keywords: fiber-reinforced concrete, mechanical properties, polymeric straws, flexural test.
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