SIMULACIÓN Y EVALUACIÓN DE MODULACIÓN POR ANCHO DE PULSO SINUSOIDAL EN DRIVERS TRIFÁSICOS PARA MOTORES SÍNCRONOS (SIMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SINUSOIDAL PULSE WIDTH MODULATION IN THREE-PHASE DRIVERS FOR PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS)
Resumen
En este artículo se propone una técnica para mejorar el funcionamiento del motor síncrono para aplicaciones en vehículos eléctricos mediante la mejora de la calidad de las señales de corriente eléctrica de control. Se propone una estrategia de modulación por ancho de pulso sinusoidal (SPWM) con variación en la frecuencia para un driver de inversor trifásico de 6 conmutadores utilizado experimentalmente para aplicaciones de control de motores síncronos en vehículos eléctricos. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es mejorar las señales de alimentación y optimizar el desempeño de los motores síncronos al evaluar las características de salida del driver trifásico en términos de calidad, eficiencia energética y distorsión armónica al variar el número de pulsos emitidos para excitar los conmutadores del driver. Como resultados de la investigación se observa la reducción significativa de los armónicos en las señales de alimentación del motor, se demuestra que al seleccionar los pulsos de conmutación apropiados se mejora la estabilidad del accionamiento de tracción del motor en todo el rango de velocidad, tema importante para aplicaciones en vehículos eléctricos impulsando la electromovilidad.
Palabras Claves: Distorsión armónica, Driver, Electromovilidad, Inversor Trifásico, SPWM.
Abstract
In this article, a technique to enhance the performance of the synchronous motor for use in electric vehicles by improving the quality of the electric current control signals is proposed. A strategy of Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) with frequency variation for a 6-switch three-phase inverter driver is suggested, which is experimentally utilized for synchronous motor control applications in electric vehicles. The main objective of this research is to enhance the power signals and optimize the performance of synchronous motors by evaluating the output characteristics of the three-phase driver in terms of quality, energy efficiency, and harmonic distortion while varying the number of emitted pulses to excite the driver's switches. As a result of the research, a significant reduction in harmonics in the motor's power signals is observed, demonstrating that by selecting appropriate switching pulses, the stability of the motor's traction drive is improved across the entire speed range, significant topic for electric vehicle applications driving electromobility.
Keywords: Harmonic distortion, Driver, Electromobility, Three-phase Inverter, SPWM.
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