CÓMPUTO EVOLUTIVO PARA MINIMIZACIÓN DE LA DISTORSIÓN ARMÓNICA TOTAL EN UN INVERSOR MULTINIVEL (EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION FOR MINIMIZATION OF TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION IN MULTILEVEL INVERTER)

Oscar Sánchez Vargas, Ricardo Eliú Lozoya Ponce, Jesús Aguayo Alquicira, Susana Estefany De León Aldaco

Resumen


Resumen
La mejora del rendimiento de los inversores es crucial en aplicaciones de energía eléctrica, y un desafío importante en este contexto es la reducción de la Distorsión Armónica Total en los inversores. La Distorsión Armónica Total puede causar problemas graves, como sobrecalentamiento de equipos, pérdida de eficiencia y deterioro de la calidad de la energía eléctrica. Por lo tanto, este estudio se centra en la optimización de la reducción de la Distorsión Armónica Total en un Inversor Multinivel en Cascada de siete niveles. Para abordar este desafío, se empleó el algoritmo de Evolución Diferencial. Mediante simulaciones en MATLAB Simulink, se identificaron tres ángulos de conmutación óptimos (α1, α2, α3) y se determinó el valor deseado del Índice Modular (Mi). Los resultados revelaron que, sin considerar Mi, la Distorsión Armónica Total se redujo significativamente al 10.46%. Sin embargo, para garantizar que el inversor funcione dentro de los límites de Mi < 1, se logró una THD del 12.98%. Esta diferencia de aproximadamente el 3% en la Distorsión Armónica Total, entre los dos enfoques destaca la importancia de seleccionar adecuadamente los ángulos de conmutación y el Mi para la carga de salida.
Este estudio subraya la eficacia del algoritmo de Evolución Diferencial en la búsqueda de ángulos de conmutación óptimos, lo que mejora el rendimiento del Inversor Multinivel en Cascada en términos de distorsión armónica. Además, resalta la relevancia de considerar tanto la reducción de Distorsión Armónica Total como el valor de Mi al diseñar aplicaciones específicas. Estos hallazgos tienen implicaciones importantes en la mejora de la calidad de la energía eléctrica y la eficiencia en sistemas de inversores multinivel.
Palabras Clave: Distorsión Armónica Total (THD), Evolución Diferencial, Inversor Multinivel en cascada, Métodos Metaheurísticos.

Abstract
Improving inverter performance is crucial in electric power applications, and a major challenge in this context is the reduction of Total Harmonic Distortion in inverters. Total Harmonic Distortion can cause serious problems, such as overheating equipment, loss of efficiency, and deterioration of power quality. Therefore, this study optimizes Total Harmonic Distortion reduction in a seven-level Cascaded Multilevel Inverter. To address this challenge, the Differential Evolution algorithm was employed. Through simulations in MATLAB Simulink, three optimal switching angles (α1, α2, α3) were identified, and the desired value of the Modular Index (Mi) was determined. The results revealed that, without considering Mi, the Total Harmonic Distortion was significantly reduced to 10.46%. However, to ensure that the inverter operates within the limits of Mi < 1, a Total Harmonic Distortion of 12.98% was achieved. This approximately 3% difference in Total Harmonic Distortion between the two approaches highlights the importance of properly selecting the switching angles and Mi for the output load.
This study highlights the effectiveness of the differential evolution algorithm in finding optimal switching angles, which improves the performance of the Cascaded Multilevel Inverter in terms of harmonic distortion. Furthermore, it highlights the relevance of considering Total Harmonic Distortion reduction and Mi value when designing specific applications. These findings are important for improving power quality and efficiency in multilevel inverter systems.
Keywords: Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), Differential Evolution, Cascaded Multilevel Inverter, Metaheuristic Methods.

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Referencias


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