DISEÑO E IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN CONTROLADOR EMBEBIDO PARA UN SISTEMA FOTOVOLTAICO (DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN EMBEDDED CONTROLLER FOR A PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM)
Resumen
En este trabajo se presenta el desarrollo un controlador embebido para un sistema fotovoltaico. El sistema fotovoltaico consta de un panel solar de 240 W, un convertidor CD-CD elevador y un convertidor CD-CA. El diseño e implementación del controlador embebido se realizó sobre la plataforma de desarrollo NI myRIO-1900. Este sistema de control consta de dos etapas, la primera etapa es el algoritmo de control perturbar y observar para el seguimiento del punto de máxima potencia, mientras que la segunda etapa se encarga del monitoreo de la red eléctrica principal de corriente alterna y la sincronización de la salida del convertidor CD-CA con la señal monitoreada, para esta acción se utilizó la técnica de Modulación de Ancho de Pulso Sinusoidal (SPWM por sus siglas en ingles). Para comprobar el funcionamiento del controlador embebido se utilizó un prototipo experimental del sistema fotovoltaico, el cual extrae la máxima potencia del panel fotovoltaico y genera una señal de corriente eléctrica igual a la suministrada por CFE.
Palabras Clave: Control Embebido, Convertidor Electrónico de Potencia, LabVIEW, Panel Fotovoltaico, Prototipo Experimental.
Abstract
The design necessary to develop a control system for a DC-AC converter was realized in this project. The control part was embedded in a NI myRIO-1900 card. From Direct Current (DC) energy produced by the sunlight incidence on a Photovoltaic Panel (PVP) of 240 W, Alternating Current (AC) like the one CFE provides of 60 Hz electrical energy is produced. Connecting a DC-DC Boost converter and a DC-AC inverter to the PVP this was possible. A control integrated the Perturb and Observe (P&O) technique in the Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) embedded in the system. In the control the Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation technique (SPWM) was used to synchronize with the CFE signal. Electricity like the one provided by CFE was produced in this project.
Keywords: Embedded Control, Experimental Prototype, LabVIEW, Photovoltaic Panel, Power Electronic Converter.
Texto completo:
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