UNA REVISIÓN A LA CIBER SEGURIDAD EN REDES ELÉCTRICAS INTELIGENTES (A REVIEW OF CYBER SECURITY ON SMART GRIDS)

Juan Carlos Olivares Rojas, Enrique Reyes Archundia, José Antonio Gutiérrez Gnecchi, Ismael Molina Moreno, Jaime Cerda Jacobo

Resumen


Resumen
La Transformación Digital a través de las Tecnologías de las Cuarta Revolución Industrial han incidido de buena forma en prácticamente todas las actividades humanas y la red eléctrica no es la excepción. La Red Eléctrica es la responsable de brindar energía eléctrica a todos los procesos humanos y vivir sin ella es prácticamente imposible. La inclusión de tecnologías de información y operación (IT y OT) a la red eléctrica le han dado cierta “inteligencia” para brindar nuevos servicios a los usuarios finales y a las empresas eléctricas, tales como: medición de consumo y facturación en tiempo casi real, cortes y reconexiones de forma automática, monitoreo de la calidad de la energía, programas de respuestas a la demanda, detección de falla, entre otras. A pesar de estas nuevas ventajas, el uso de IT y OT con lleva varias ventajas, entre las más importantes: los costos, el gran volumen de datos generados y sobre todo la seguridad de la información en todos los procesos de la red eléctrica inteligente. Este trabajo presenta una revisión al estado del arte actual respecto al tema de ciber seguridad en las redes eléctricas inteligentes de la siguiente manera: en la sección de Introducción se muestra los conceptos básicos de ciber seguridad en redes eléctricas inteligentes. En el capítulo de métodos se muestras los trabajos relacionados que pretenden dar solución a la problemática planteada. En la sección de resultados se realiza una tabla comparativa entre los principales trabajos. Posteriormente se discuten los resultados y se llegan a conclusiones.
Palabras Clave: Blockchain, Ciber Seguridad, Red Eléctrica Inteligente.

Abstract
The Digital Transformation through the Technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution has had a good impact on practically all human activities, and the electricity grid is no exception. The Grid is responsible for providing electrical energy to all human processes, and living without it is practically impossible. The inclusion of information and operation technologies (IT and OT) to the electricity grid have given it some "intelligence" to provide new services to end-users and utilities, such as consumption measurement and billing in near real-time, cuts and reconnections automatically, monitoring of power quality, demand response programs, fault detection, among others. Despite these new advantages, the use of IT and OT has several advantages, among the most important: costs, the large volume of data generated, and above all, the security of information in all the processes of the Smart Grid. This work presents a review of the current state of the art regarding the topic of cybersecurity in Smart Grid as follows: the Introduction section shows the basic concepts of cybersecurity in smart power grids. In the chapter on methods, the related works that aim to solve the problem posed are shown. In the results section, a comparative table is made between the main works. Later the results are discussed, and conclusions are reached.
Keywords: Blockchain, Cyber Security, Smart Grid.

Texto completo:

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Referencias


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